The Knowledge Hub
Practical troubleshooting guides for working analytical chemists — HPLC, UHPLC, LC-MS, GC, and reagent prep. Each guide is diagnostic-first and linked to the tool that resolves it.
Autosampler Carryover in HPLC and LC-MS: How to Find It and Wash It Out
Carryover is one of the quietest ways an autosampler can wreck your data. A trace of analyte left behind from a previous…
HPLC Baseline Noise and Drift: How to Tell Them Apart and Fix Each
An unstable baseline is one of the most common — and most time-consuming — problems in HPLC; by some estimates, baseline issues…
Ghost Peaks in HPLC: What Causes Them and How to Eliminate Them
You inject a blank — pure solvent, no sample — and peaks appear anyway. Or your gradient runs show extra peaks that…
Losing Sensitivity in LC-MS? A Systematic Guide to Ion Suppression and Signal Loss
Few problems in the LC-MS lab are as demoralizing as watching your signal quietly disappear. A method that gave clean, intense peaks…
Why Your HPLC Peaks Are Tailing: Causes and a Diagnostic Path
Peak tailing is one of the most common complaints in HPLC — and one of the most misdiagnosed. A tailing peak inflates…
High Backpressure in HPLC: 8 Root Causes and How to Diagnose Each One
High system backpressure is one of the most common — and most disruptive — problems in liquid chromatography. It interrupts runs, triggers…
Signal-to-Noise (S/N) Ratio for LOD: How to Determine and Use It in Chromatography
Have you ever tried to read a book in a room where the lights were flickering constantly? The words are on the…
LOD Calculation (Step-by-Step): Blank SD, Calibration Curve, and S/N Approaches
When a lab report says “Not Detected” (ND), does it guarantee a substance is completely gone? Often, the answer is no; it…
Limit of Detection Formula: Methods, Assumptions, and Examples
When you check your tap water for lead, a “negative” result feels like a guarantee, but it rarely means there are zero…
Limit of Detection (LOD): The Complete Guide
Imagine standing in a noisy coffee shop where a friend calls your name from across the room; the sound exists, but your…
Ethanol
Molecular Formula: C2H6O, C2H5OH CAS: 64-17-5 Synonyms: Ethanol, Alcohol, Ethyl, Grain Alcohol Molecular Weight: 46.07 g/mol Monoisotopic Mass: 46.041864811 Da Exact Mass: 46.041864811 Da Solubility:…
Understanding Size Exclusion Chromatography Techniques
If you’re delving into the world of chromatography, you might have come across a technique called size exclusion chromatography (SEC). This method…